Various Topics over Time from Kris Stewart 31july2013 on

The goal of this page is to have a list of the various ideas/thoughts that have crossed my mind that I felt needed to be elaborated on. Often these were linked into course notes at SDSU, but sometimes it is more varied.

810 Ave de San Clemente, Encinitas CA A Stewart History, Summer 1984-Feb2026

Online Resourceson Artificial Intelligence, AI, 2026 on

The Faculty Guide to Getting Started With Gen AI, Grammarly & UT pdf
https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773471772
MERLOT provides access to The Faculty Guide to Getting Started With Gen AI. Grammarly and UT Austin have collaborated to bring you a faculty guide to AI. Includes Practical activities and lesson plans. Keywords: AI, activities, lesson plans

Eternal September 2025

2025 I heard a discussion on NPR radio, contrasting the major transition when the ISPs went to the "commercial Internet", and the "old days" when it was only the incoming freshmen at universities each fall semester that clogged up the USENET discussions with "silly questions".

Historic documents related to my career

• https://www.nsf.gov/impacts/internet Birth of the Commercial Internet, 1990's
  
• https://www.ncsa.illinois.edu/research/project-highlights/ncsa-mosaic/ Mosaic, world's 1st freely available web browser
• Birth of Numerical Analysis 2010 Bultheel & Cools, Ed, 234pgs pdf;
  
• What is Web 2.0 2005 Tim O'Reilly, OReilly.com
  
• 50 Years of Army Computing - from ENIAC to MSRC 2000 Thomas J. Bergin, Editor, 179pgs pdf;
  
• Where Wizards Stay Up Late - Origins of the Internet 1996, Katie Hafner & Matthew Lyon. 193pgs pdf;
• Alvy Ray Bio of the Pixel

How Inet Happened-Netscape_iPhone 337pgs pdf, p5 TOC
"This is not a history of the Internet itself, but rather, a history of the Internet Era, that period of time from roughly 1993 through 2008 when computers and technology itself stopped being esoteric and started becoming vital and indispensable." CONTENTS 1) INTRO THE BIG BANG - The Mosaic Web Browser and Netscape; 2) BILL GATES “GETS” THE INTERNET - Microsoft and Internet Explorer; 3) AMERICA, ONLINE - AOL and the Early Online Services; 4) BIG MEDIA’S BIG WEB ADVENTURE - Pathfinder, HotWired and Ads; 5) HELLO, WORLD - The Early Search Engines and Yahoo; 6) GET BIG FAST - Amazon.com and the Birth of Ecommerce; 7) TRUSTING STRANGERS - eBay, Community Sites and Portals; 8) BLOWING BUBBLES - The Dot-com Era; 9) IRRATIONAL EXUBERANCE - The Dot-com Bubble; 10) POP! - Netscape vs. Microsoft, AOL + Time Warner and the Nuclear Winter; 11) I’M FEELING LUCKY - Google, Napster and the Rebirth; 12) RIP. MIX. BURN. - The iPod, iTunes and Netflix; 13) A THOUSAND FLOWERS, BLOOMING - PayPal, AdWords, Google’s IPO and Blogs; 14) WEB 2.0 - Wikipedia, YouTube and the Wisdom of Crowds; 15) The Social Network - Facebook; 16) THE RISE OF MOBILE - Palm, BlackBerry and Smartphones; 17) ONE MORE THING - The iPhone; OUTRO; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS NOTES INDEX

Just for Fun, Linus Torwalds Creator of LINUX, KindleLib, 2002

UNIX A History and a Memoir, Brian Kernighan, KindleApp
TOC Contents Preface ix Chapter 1: Bell Labs 1 1.1 Physical sciences at Bell Labs 5 1.2 Communications and computer science 7 1.3 BWK at BTL 8 1.4 Office space 11 1.5 137 -> 127 -> 1127 -> 11276 19 Chapter 2: Proto-Unix (1969) 27 2.1 A bit of technical background 27 2.2 CTSS and Multics 30 2.3 The origin of Unix 32 2.4 What's in a name? 34 2.5 Biography: Ken Thompson 35 Chapter 3: First Edition (1971) 41 3.1 Unix for patent applications 42 3.2 The Unix room 45 3.3 The Unix Programmer’s Manual 49 3.4 A few words about memory 52 3.5 Biography: Dennis Ritchie 55 Chapter 4: Sixth Edition (1975) 61 4.1 File system 62 4.2 System calls 63 4.3 Shell 65 4.4 Pipes 67 4.5 Grep 70 4.6 Regular expressions 73 4.7 The C programming language 76 4.8 Software Tools and Ratfor 80 4.9 Biography: Doug McIlroy 82 Chapter 5: Seventh Edition (1976-1979) 87 5.1 Bourne shell 88 5.2 Yacc, Lex, Make 90 5.3 Document preparation 98 5.4 Sed and Awk 113 5.5 Other languages 117 5.6 Other contributions 121 Chapter 6: Beyond Research 131 6.1 Programmer’s Workbench 131 6.2 University licenses 134 6.3 User groups and Usenix 136 6.4 John Lions’ Commentary 137 6.5 Portability 140 Chapter 7: Commercialization 143 7.1 Divestiture 143 7.2 USL and SVR4 144 7.3 UNIX™ 146 7.4 Public relations 147 Chapter 8: Descendants 153 8.1 Berkeley Software Distribution 153 8.2 Unix wars 156 8.3 Minix and Linux 158 8.4 Plan 9 160 8.5 Diaspora 163 Chapter 9: Legacy 165 9.1 Technical 166 9.2 Organization 170 9.3 Recognition 175 9.4 Could history repeat? 177 Sources 181
"The names of Ritchie and Thompson may safely be assumed to be attached to almost everything not otherwise attributed." "To look further afield would require a tome, not a report, and possibly a more dispassionate scholar, not an intimate participant." Doug McIlroy, A Research Unix Reader: Annotated Excerpts from the Programmer's Manual, 1971-1986, 1986 Much Unix history is online (though not always in a searchable form), thanks to some good luck and truly dedicated work by amateur and professional historians, such as The Unix Heritage Society and the Computer History Museum. Further material is available through interview videos and oral histories; some are contemporaneous like the various AT&T public relations efforts, and some are retrospective. This list of sources is in no way complete or comprehensive, but it will give readers who want to dig further a good start. Many of these documents can be found on the Internet. A History of Science and Engineering in the Bell System has seven volumes with nearly 5,000 pages written by members of technical staff at Bell Labs, mostly in the 1970s and 1980s. One volume deals with the relatively late advent of computing. Bell Labs maintains a sequence of short pages on the history of Unix at s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/belllabs-microsite-unixhistory/index.html. A. Michael Noll, a member of the Speech and Acoustics Research Center in the 1960s and early 1970s, has written a memoir of his time at the Labs, along with material from his role as the editor of the papers of Bill Baker; it can be found at noll.uscannenberg.org along with a variety of other informative historical information. It’s an excellent read for basic facts about the Labs and what it was like in the speech and acoustics research area. Mike's memories about the collegiality and openness of Bell Labs generally accord with mine, though he feels things started to fall apart much sooner than I do, perhaps because we were in different (though organizationally adjacent) areas. Tom Van Vleck maintains a thorough repository of historical information about Multics at multicians.org. The special issue of the Bell System Technical Journal on Unix in July 1978 has several fundamental papers, including an updated version of the CACM paper, Ken’s "Unix Implementation," Dennis’s "Retrospective," a paper by Steve Bourne on the shell, along with a paper on PWB by Ted Dolotta, Dick Haight and John Mashey. The special issue of the AT&T Bell Labs Technical Journal on Unix in 1984 includes Dennis Ritchie’s “Evolution of Unix” paper, and "Data Abstraction in C" by Bjarne Stroustrup, among other interesting articles. Doug McIlroy’s "A Research Unix Reader" is especially good for historical background; it can be found at genius.cat-v.org/doug-mcilroy. The Unix Heritage Society, run by Warren Toomey with the help of many volunteers, has preserved versions of early Unix code and documentation; it’s a great place to browse. For example, www.tuhs.org/Archive/Distributions/ Research/Dennis_v1 has the code for the First Edition as provided by Dennis Ritchie. The late Michael Mahoney, professor of the History of Science at Princeton University, interviewed a dozen members of 1127 in the summer and fall of 1989 for an extensive oral history of Unix. Mike’s raw transcripts and edited interviews are maintained by the History department at Princeton, and can be found at www.princeton.edu/˜hos/Mahoney/unixhistory. In addition to being a first-rate historian, Mike was a programmer who really understood what his subjects were talking about, so there is often significant technical depth. Phyllis Fox, a pioneer of numerical computing and of technical women at Bell Labs, did an oral history for the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) in 2005, available at history.siam.org/oralhistories/fox.htm; it includes a detailed description of the PORT portable Fortran libraries. The May 2019 fireside chat with Ken Thompson at the Vintage Computer Festival East is on YouTube. Two books on the early history of Unix are available for free download: Life with Unix by Don Libes and Sandy Ressler (1989), and A Quarter Century of Unix by Peter Salus (1994). Dennis Ritchie’s home page at (Nokia) Bell Labs has been preserved. It has links to most of the papers that Dennis wrote and to other historical material. The link is www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www. Kirk McKusick, one of the central figures in BSD, has written a careful history of BSD, available at www.oreilly.com/openbook/opensources/book/ kirkmck.html. Ian Darwin and Geoff Collyer provide additional insights from a somewhat different perspective in doc.cat-v.org/unix/unix-before-berkeley. Kernighan, Brian. UNIX: A History and a Memoir (p. 197). Kindle Edition. Kernighan, Brian. UNIX: A History and a Memoir (p. 196). Kindle Edition. Kernighan, Brian. UNIX: A History and a Memoir (p. 195). Kindle Edition.

Scientific Computing with PCs 1984, John C Nash, 205pgs pdf

---

Steve Cummingham, Computer Graphics: Programming, Problem Solving, and Visual Communication 374 pgs
Rob Mellors, Satellite Radar Interferometry: Theory and Practice 223 pgs

---

Thoughts for spr 2014 instructor in CS 583 3d Game Programming

Materials Science XNA simulation Jan 2009 - 2012

Dr. Ivan Sutherland won Kyoto Prize 2012, lecture SDSU 13March2013

Not only did Professor Sutherland give a fascinating viewpoint as "Father of Computer Graphics" in his lecture on campus, he also presented at workshop at CalITs the following Friday on Asyncronous Computing which I attended along with several students from CS 583 3D Game Programming course.

CMAP Concept Maps and Advice - CS490 Spr2012

UNM Albuquerque Cyberday 29 April 2011

Dr. Johann Reenen invited Kris to return to UNM to speak on CyberInfrastructure - From Supercomputers to 3D Game Programming and the impact on our youth. The timing was great since SDSC was celebrating 25 year timline, 1985-2002, since established by NSF to provide supercomputing to academics and The Internet celebrated its first half-century, 23 March 2009

Conic_Section 21Apr2011

Sathyanarayan Chandrashekar (Sathya) developed an XNA game for Dr. Janet Bowers to use with math teachers to provide a dynamic, interactive lesson on Conic Sections

ACM, Association for Computing Machinery - Club Officers 2012 - 1994

Student organization at SDSU as part of the International www.acm.org [ACM]

summer08/Stewart_TG08-final-2.htm How 3d Game Programming can Benefit the TeraGrid

Kris Stewart, Computer Science Department, San Diego State University San Diego, CA 92182-7720, https://stewart.sdsu.edu, stewart@sdsu.edu
Las Vegas NV 11 June 2008
1 Introduction
Several in high performance computing acknowledge that we are “indebted to the gamers" for pushing the envelope on processor speed, graphics resolution and rendering capabilities of the PC hardware that the HPC community uses to build systems. This talk presents the upper division, university curriculum that has been developed over three years of teaching a topics class that engages our current "raised digital" undergraduates to demonstrate their creativity through programming a game that can be used in alternate situations. This has been deployed in a high school physics course to demonstrate "Projectile Motion under Magnetic Force" and we propose that a game can be effectively used to promote HPC and the TeraGrid.

Biography for Kris Stewart 2008

Summer 2007

Having been professionally reborn as a Game Developer in 2006, Kris Stewart is focussing this summer on several projects that build on previous activities to support CyberInfrastructure at SDSU. The ultimate goal would be to have strong collaborations among interested parties at SDSU such as Mark Siprut - (PSFA) Digital Media, Jean Twenge - Psychology author of Generation Me, the pICT program, the SDSU Library, Mary Thomas - Grid/Data expert and vendors such as Microsoft and others. Some starting points have already begun:

SDSU College of Sciences Fusion 2006

Pages 14-15 include the article "Ed Center on Computational Science & Engineering Engages People in CyberInfrastructure", reporting on the final activities of the Ed Center through NSF Funding of the http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0520146 April 2005, the investigation of Video Game software to use in the University Curriculum.

Summer 2006 Rebirth of a Numerical Analyst as a Computer Game Enthusiast

Kris Stewart was trained as a numerical analyst, completing her PhD in 1987 at the University of New Mexico, working with Dr. Larry Shampine, Dr. Richard Allen, Dr. Cleve Moler, Dr. Steve Pruess and Dr. Stanly Steinberg. She was hired as a numerical analyst at SDSU in 1984 (ABD) in the Mathematical Sciences Department and focussed on curriculum development in the Math 541, 542, 693a, 693b numerical analysis courses to effectively include computing. She also began collaborating with colleagues at the San Diego Supercomputer Center, which was one of the compute locations where data was collected for her dissertation code STRUT, so solve Stiff Ordinary Differential Equations. She developed an undergraduate course at SDSU on supercomputing, organized and gave summer workshops at SDSC for faculty interested in undergraduate high performance computing. This was called the Supercomputer for Undergraduate Education (SUE, SDSC G/S Nov92, and SUE participants). Stewart was asked to represent CSU/SDSU on the SDSC Steering Committee. In 1993, after receiving tenure at SDSU, she was asked by Dan Sulzbach at SDSC to organize and teacher summer workshops for high school sciene teachers interested in learning about computational science and how computing might augment their student learning outcomes. This program was named the Supercomputer Teacher Enhancement Program (STEP nominated for Computerworld/Smithsonian Award). [more articles on STEP: SDSCwire, G/S fall94, GSfall96]. Additional SDSC articles: NSF CISE/EHR workshop on CS Research Agenda for Ed Tech, Education at SDSC G/S winter 97, Stewart & McKeon to Ernest L. Boyer Summit 25apr97, USC, SC97 with Stewart's presentation at ACM SIGCSE 28feb97. Kris has also archived her "life with computing" and more in her personal timeline of technology. Hope you find it interesting!

All Hands Meeting NPACI 18-22 March 2003

Our Ed Center on Computational Science & Engineering (ECCSE) home page was deactivated a few years ago. I retained a zip-file of the original and am updating the linking, slowly. They were not all relative URLs. Now, the SDSU server Rohan has been deactivated, so http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~stewart/www-edcenter/htdocs/ died and I'm still trying to update my personal copy of
https://stewart.sdsu.edu/www-edcenter/
I am grateful to the folks who worked with me on this projects

    Staff: Jeff Sale, Melody Hoolihan, Mikhail Burstein, Ilya  Zaslavsky, Dolores Candelaria
    CSEMS Scholars: Wendy Yang, Matt Melvin
    Student Interns: Vahid Pazirandeh, Sara Whipple, Mark Alcaraz, Chip McMakin, Hiroko Baba, Chris Harper, Lindsay Stocks, Zarko S. Petrovic, Jerry Su-Tsung Han, Irene Chia-Feng Wang, Kamil Saykali, Zheng Li (Frank Lee), Jerry Kuzminsky, Tom Handal, Ivan Bajic, Nattha Flanagan

www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~stewart/www-edcenter/htdocs/staff/oldstaff/index.html

The NPACI (National Partnership for Advanced Computational Infrastructure) was led by Dr. Sid Karin in 1997 NSF PACI

Dr. Karin was the founder of the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) in 1985. SDSC maintains an archive of the http://www.sdsc.edu/news/envision.html EnVision news magazines.
Especially pleased that the first issue - http://www.sdsc.edu/pub/envision/v14.1/index.html, has an article "Enhancing Undergraduate Curriculum through NPACI's Ed Centter"
http://www.sdsc.edu/pub/envision/v14.1/edcenter.html

Computational Programming and Visualization within MATLAB Compute Envioronment, February 28, 1997

ACM SIG/Computer Science Education Conference Panel: Exploiting Computer Algebra Systems in C.S. Courses San Jose, CA.
Philip Miller, CSU; Kris Stewart, SDSU; Klaus Suttner, CMU; Joseph Zachary, University Utah

Blackgold Computational Science and Education in the 21st Century, invited Workshop for the Blackgold School District, Alberta, Canada - Aug. 25, 1997

Computational Science is the exciting blend of
    Science
    Computation
    Information development, retrieval, and processing
    Communications and
    Visualization 

Wild World of Supercomputes: It's NOT just FLOPS

Invited Presentation for - Computers: The Machine, The Science, The People and The Careers March 19, 1996. Fourth Annual Computer and Computational Sciences Program for Minority Youth at the California Institute of Technology CRPC

stewart.sdsu.edu/step/ 18July1995 UCSD Press Release

stewart.sdsu.edu/SC97/ - "STEP: A Case Study on Building a Bridge between HPC Technologies and the Secondary Classroom" by Kris Stewart and Janet Bowers of SDSU, summarizes the accomplishment of the NSF funded program for high school science teachers in San Diego county, 1993-1996.
The archive of materials was hosted by Dr. Don Anderson of UCSD at http://www-step.ucsd.edu. Unfortunately, over time access is now available only from the Wayback Machine http://web.archive.org/web/19970717023002/http://www-step.ucsd.edu/step/.

STEP Nominated for Computerworld/Smithsonian Info Tech 1996 Award

I have been able to archive some of the materials submitted to the ComputerWorld/Smithsonian Information Technology Awards 1996.

www.stewart.cs.sdsu.edu/step/wayback_machine.html Only WayBack-Machine shows my old page from 2010

I wrote up a description of the original WayBack Machine, from Bullwinkle of Rocky a few years ago. Hope you enjoy as much as I enjoyed these old cartoons about Mr. Peabody and his boy Sherman.

web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.stewart.cs.sdsu.edu Lucky to start on the web in 1994

I was lucky to be collaboring with Dr. Lloyd Fosdick on Computational Science curriculum at his institution University of Colorado at Boulder [CU Boulder] and first saw the NCSA Mosaic browser early in 1994 while visiting there.
The Wayback Machine earliest record of my page is 27Nov1996 - web.archive.org/web/19961127194016/http://www.stewart.cs.sdsu.edu/
What an amazine resource!